Intratunnel Phacofracture MSICS In A Cataract With Pseudo Exfoliation And Non-Well Dilated HD

 Intratunnel Phacofracture MSICS In A Cataract With Pseudo Exfoliation And Non-Well Dilated HD

https://youtu.be/Z6zKr3ReYQY

 

Topical Manual Small Incision Cataract Surgery

Topical Manual Small Incision Cataract Surgery HD (Unedited) - YouTube

Cataract

Cataract

A cataract is a cloudy area in the lens of your eye. Cataracts are very common as you get older. In fact, more than half of all age 80 or older either have cataracts or have had surgery to get rid of cataracts. 

At first, you may not notice that you have a cataract. But over time, cataracts can make your vision blurry, hazy, or less colorful. You may have trouble reading or doing other everyday activities. 

The good news is that surgery can get rid of cataracts. Cataract surgery is safe and corrects vision problems caused by cataracts.  

 A cataract is a cloudy area in the lens of your eye. Most cataracts are age-related — they happen because of normal changes in your eyes as you get older. But you can get cataracts for other reasons, too.  

What are the symptoms of cataracts?

You might not have any symptoms at first, when cataracts are mild. But as cataracts grow, they can cause changes in your vision. For example, you may notice that:

• Your vision is cloudy or blurry
• Colors look faded
• You can’t see well at night
• Lamps, sunlight, or headlights seem too bright
• You see a halo around lights
• You see double (this sometimes goes away as the cataract gets bigger)
• You have to change the prescription for your glasses often

These symptoms can be a sign of other eye problems, too. Be sure to talk to your eye doctor if you have any of these problems.

Over time, cataracts can lead to vision loss.

Am I at risk for cataracts?

Your risk for cataracts goes up as you get older. You’re also at higher risk if you:

• Have certain health problems, like diabetes
• Smoke
• Drink too much alcohol
• Have a family history of cataracts
• Have had an eye injury, eye surgery, or radiation treatment on your upper body
• Have spent a lot of time in the sun
• Take steroids (medicines used to treat a variety of health problems, like arthritis and rashes)

If you’re worried you might be at risk for cataracts, talk with your doctor. Ask if there is anything you can do to lower your risk.

What causes cataracts?

Most cataracts are caused by normal changes in your eyes as you get older.

When you’re young, the lens in your eye is clear. Around age 40, the proteins in the lens of your eye start to break down and clump together. This clump makes a cloudy area on your lens — or a cataract. Over time, the cataract gets more severe and clouds more of the lens.

How can I prevent cataracts?

You can take steps to protect your eyes and delay cataracts.

• Wear sunglasses and a hat with a brim to block the sun.
• Quit smoking. 
• Eat healthy. Eat plenty of fruits and vegetables — especially dark, leafy greens like spinach, kale, and collard greens.
• Get a dilated eye exam. If you’re age 60 or older, get a dilated eye e

No matter what type of cataract you have, the treatment is always surgery.

There are 5 main types of cataracts.

Age-related cataract

As you age, a cataract can develop because of natural changes in the lens of your eye. This is called an age-related cataract, and it’s the most common type of cataract. Age-related cataracts may be more likely to form if you: 

• Smoke 
• Drink too much alcohol 
• Have a family history of cataract 
• Have diabetes 
• Have had certain eye surgeries, like glaucoma surgery 
• Take steroids (medicines used to treat a variety of health problems, like arthritis or allergies) for a long time 

Traumatic cataract

Serious eye injuries can damage your lens and cause a cataract. The cataract could form quickly after the injury — or it could form many years later. 

Radiation cataract

Certain types of radiation can cause cataracts. This includes ultraviolet (UV) rays from the sun and radiation treatment for cancer. 

Pediatric cataract

Children can get cataracts, too. They can be born with cataracts (congenital cataracts), or develop them later on.  

Cataracts in children are rare, and they’re usually genetic — they run in families. They can also happen because of serious complications during pregnancy or because of illnesses during childhood, like uveitis or tumors in the eye. Children can also get cataracts for the same reasons as adults — eye injuries, radiation, or steroid medications. 

When pediatric cataracts are large enough to cause vision problems, they need immediate treatment. It’s important to treat these cataracts early on so your child doesn’t develop other vision problems, like amblyopia (lazy eye).  

Other pediatric cataracts are so small that they won’t hurt your child’s vision. Your child’s doctor can monitor these smaller cataracts to make sure they don’t cause vision problems.

How do I prepare for cataract surgery?

At your doctor’s office before the day of the surgery, your doctor will do some tests to measure the size and shape of your eye. You may need to use some special eye drops before the surgery, and your doctor may tell you not to eat anything the night before your surgery. 

You won’t be able to drive yourself home after the surgery, and you’ll need a friend or family member to make sure you get home safely — so be sure to bring someone with you. 

If you have cataracts in both eyes, you’ll need to have surgery on each eye at a separate time, usually about 4 weeks apart. 

What happens during cataract surgery?

During surgery, the doctor will remove the cloudy lens from your eye and replace it with an artificial lens (called an intraocular lens). The surgery lasts about 1 hour and is almost painless.  

Usually, you will be awake during cataract surgery. You might notice lights or motion, but you won’t be able to see what your doctor is doing. 

When you get this surgery, your doctor will: 

• Put numbing drops into your eye to keep you from feeling anything 
• Use tiny tools to cut into your eye, break up the lens, and take it out 
• Place the new artificial lens in your eye 

Right after surgery, you will need to rest in a recovery area outside the operating room for a little while. Before you go home, the medical team will check to make sure you don’t have any problems with your eye. 

What happens after cataract surgery?

Your doctor will explain how to protect your eye after cataract surgery. They will give you eye drops to help your eye heal and you may need to wear a special eye shield or glasses. You may need to avoid some activities for a few weeks, like touching your eye, bending over, or lifting heavy things. 

Your eye may feel a bit itchy or uncomfortable and sensitive to light and touch. After 1 or 2 days, your eye should feel better. 

Call your doctor right away if you notice any of these problems after surgery: 

• Vision loss 
• Bad pain that won’t go away even if you take medicine for it 
• Very red eyes 
• Flashes of light or a lot of small dark spots or squiggly lines that float across your vision (floaters) 

Most people are completely healed 8 weeks after their surgery. Your doctor will schedule checkups to make sure your eye is healing correctly. 

Will my vision be normal after cataract surgery?

About 9 out of 10 people who get cataract surgery see better afterward, but your vision might be blurry at first while your eye recovers.  

Some people notice that colors seem brighter after cataract surgery. This is because the artificial lens is clear, while your natural lens had a yellow or brown tint from the cataract. 

Once your eye is completely healed, you might need a new prescription for glasses or contact lenses to see clearly. 

What are the risks of cataract surgery?

Cataract surgery is one of the most common, safe, and effective types of surgery done in the United States. But like any surgery, there are risks, including: 

• Swelling, bleeding, or infections 
• Vision loss or double vision 
• Unusual changes in eye pressure 
• Retinal detachment 
• Secondary cataract (posterior capsule opacity) 

Your doctor can treat these problems if they are caught early. Be sure to go to all of your checkups, and call your doctor if you notice anything wrong with your eyes or your vision. 

Who needs cataract surgery?

Your doctor will probably suggest cataract surgery if you have vision loss that gets in the way of everyday activities like reading, driving, or watching TV.  

Sometimes, your doctor might recommend cataract surgery even if your cataracts aren’t the main cause of your vision problems. For example, cataracts might need to be removed so that your doctor can see the back of your eye. If you have another eye condition, like diabetic retinopathy or age-related macular degeneration (AMD), your doctor will need to see the back of your eye to help you manage it.  

Cataracts are not a medical emergency, and you don’t need to rush to have surgery to remove them. Ask your doctor about the risks and benefits of cataract surgery to decide if it’s is right for you.  

What is secondary cataract?

After cataract surgery, some people may develop a condition called secondary cataract, or posterior capsule opacification. Secondary cataracts aren’t actually cataracts, because they’re caused by cloudiness on the outside of your lens, not the inside — but they make your vision cloudy. Secondary cataracts can appear weeks, months, or even years after cataract surgery — but they are easy to fix with a laser treatment in the doctor’s office.

Secondary cataract (posterior capsule opacification)

After cataract surgery, some people may develop a condition called secondary cataract that makes their vision cloudy again. This condition is also called after-cataract or posterior capsule opacification. Secondary cataract is common, but it’s easy to fix with a laser treatment in your eye doctor’s office.  

During cataract surgery, your doctor removes the lens from your eye and replaces it with a clear artificial lens. But over time, the thin membrane that holds your new lens in place can grow scar tissue and make your vision cloudy again. 

Secondary cataracts aren’t actually cataracts, because they’re caused by cloudiness on the outside of your lens, not the inside — but the vision problems they cause are very similar. Up to half of all people who have had cataract surgery will develop a secondary cataract. 

Treatment for secondary cataract is quick and painless. Your doctor will use a laser to make an opening in the membrane behind the artificial lens in your eye — this is called YAG laser capsulotomy. Most people will notice their vision is back to normal a few days after the procedure. 

मंकीपॉक्स (Monkey Pox)

 

मंकीपॉक्स

 मंकीपॉक्स क्या है?

मंकीपॉक्स एक दुर्लभ बीमारी है जो मंकीपॉक्स वायरस के संक्रमण से होती है। मंकीपॉक्स वायरस वैरियोला वायरस के वायरस के एक ही परिवार का हिस्सा है, वह वायरस जो चेचक का कारण बनता है। मंकीपॉक्स के लक्षण चेचक के लक्षणों के समान होते हैं, लेकिन हल्के, और मंकीपॉक्स शायद ही कभी घातक होते हैं। मंकीपॉक्स का चिकनपॉक्स से कोई संबंध नहीं है।

मंकीपॉक्स की खोज 1958 में हुई थी जब शोध के लिए रखे गए बंदरों की कॉलोनियों में चेचक जैसी बीमारी के दो प्रकोप हुए थे। "मंकीपॉक्स" नाम होने के बावजूद, बीमारी का स्रोत अज्ञात है। हालांकि, अफ्रीकी कृन्तकों और गैर-मानव प्राइमेट (जैसे बंदर) वायरस को बंद कर सकते हैं और लोगों को संक्रमित कर सकते हैं।

मंकीपॉक्स का पहला मानव मामला 1970 में दर्ज किया गया था। 2022 के प्रकोप से पहले, कई मध्य और पश्चिमी अफ्रीकी देशों के लोगों में मंकीपॉक्स की सूचना मिली थी। पहले, अफ्रीका के बाहर के लोगों में लगभग सभी मंकीपॉक्स के मामले उन देशों की अंतर्राष्ट्रीय यात्रा से जुड़े थे जहां यह बीमारी आमतौर पर होती है या आयातित जानवरों के माध्यम से होती है। ये मामले कई महाद्वीपों पर हुए।

मंकीपॉक्स के लक्षण

मंकीपॉक्स से पीड़ित लोगों को एक दाने मिलते हैं जो जननांगों (लिंग, अंडकोष, लेबिया और योनि) या गुदा (बटहोल) पर या उसके पास हो सकते हैं और हाथ, पैर, छाती, चेहरे या मुंह जैसे अन्य क्षेत्रों पर हो सकते हैं।

उपचार से पहले दाने कई चरणों से गुजरेंगे, जिसमें पपड़ी भी शामिल है।

दाने शुरू में फुंसी या फफोले की तरह दिख सकते हैं और दर्दनाक या खुजलीदार हो सकते हैं।

मंकीपॉक्स के अन्य लक्षणों में शामिल हो सकते हैं:

बुखार

ठंड लगना

सूजी हुई लसीका ग्रंथियां

थकावट

मांसपेशियों में दर्द और पीठ दर्द

सिरदर्द

श्वसन संबंधी लक्षण (जैसे गले में खराश, नाक बंद या खांसी)

आप सभी या केवल कुछ लक्षणों का अनुभव कर सकते हैं

कभी-कभी लोगों को रैशेज से पहले फ्लू जैसे लक्षण दिखाई देते हैं।

कुछ लोगों को पहले दाने निकलते हैं, उसके बाद अन्य लक्षण दिखाई देते हैं।

दूसरों को केवल एक दाने का अनुभव होता है।

मंकीपॉक्स के लक्षण कितने समय तक रहते हैं?

मंकीपॉक्स के लक्षण आमतौर पर वायरस के संपर्क में आने के 3 सप्ताह के भीतर शुरू हो जाते हैं। यदि किसी में फ्लू जैसे लक्षण हैं, तो वे आमतौर पर 1-4 दिन बाद चकत्तों का विकास करेंगे।

मंकीपॉक्स तब तक फैल सकता है जब लक्षण शुरू हो जाते हैं जब तक कि दाने ठीक नहीं हो जाते हैं, सभी पपड़ी गिर जाती है, और त्वचा की एक नई परत बन जाती है। रोग आमतौर पर 2-4 सप्ताह तक रहता है।

(सौजन्य  रोग नियंत्रण और रोकथाम केंद्र ) 

Monkeypox

 What is Monkeypox?

Monkeypox is a rare disease caused by infection with the monkeypox virus. Monkeypox virus is part of the same family of viruses as variola virus, the virus that causes smallpox. Monkeypox symptoms are similar to smallpox symptoms, but milder, and monkeypox is rarely fatal. Monkeypox is not related to chickenpox.

Monkeypox was discovered in 1958 when two outbreaks of a pox-like disease occurred in colonies of monkeys kept for research. Despite being named “monkeypox,” the source of the disease remains unknown. However, African rodents and non-human primates (like monkeys) might harbor the virus and infect people.

The first human case of monkeypox was recorded in 1970. Prior to the 2022 outbreak, monkeypox had been reported in people in several central and western African countries. Previously, almost all monkeypox cases in people outside of Africa were linked to international travel to countries where the disease commonly occurs or through imported animals. These cases occurred on multiple continents.

Monkeypox symptoms

People with monkeypox get a rash that may be located on or near the genitals (penis, testicles, labia, and vagina) or anus (butthole) and could be on other areas like the hands, feet, chest, face, or mouth.

• The rash will go through several stages, including scabs, before healing.
• The rash can initially look like pimples or blisters and may be painful or itchy.

Other symptoms of monkeypox can include:

• Fever
• Chills
• Swollen lymph nodes
• Exhaustion
• Muscle aches and backache
• Headache
• Respiratory symptoms (e.g. sore throat, nasal congestion, or cough)

You may experience all or only a few symptoms

• Sometimes, people have flu-like symptoms before the rash.
• Some people get a rash first, followed by other symptoms.
• Others only experience a rash.

How long do monkeypox symptoms last?

Monkeypox symptoms usually start within 3 weeks of exposure to the virus. If someone has flu-like symptoms, they will usually develop a rash 1-4 days later.

Monkeypox can be spread from the time symptoms start until the rash has healed, all scabs have fallen off, and a fresh layer of skin has formed. The illness typically lasts 2-4 weeks.

(Courtesy  Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)

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Image Courtesy : WHO

American Academy of Ophthalmology (AAO) Rotary Club Host Program 2019

American Academy of Ophthalmology (AAO) Rotary Club Host Program 2019

Medical Miracle ! Woman's Eye Survive On The Tree Branch For 15 Hours

It happened without warning on Sept 21, 2013. A 50-year-old woman was attacked by a bear who mauled her eye out, according to Sudhir Singh, MS, Mount Abu, India. Early that evening, after she had gone to worship at a temple near the forest area, she and her grandson were making their way home when a bear with two cubs in tow attacked her, Dr. Singh explained. Subsequently, with all the damage, it took a while for surgeons to realize that the woman's eye was even missing. "When we were operating and suturing for other injuries, we could not find her eyeball," Dr. Singh said. "We presumed that the eye was lost." By then they expected it was long gone. All that changed the next morning, however, when the woman's son went in search of her cell phone. It was then that they found the eye. A call from the hospital informed an astounded Dr. Singh that the eye had been found on a tree branch. He rushed over to the hospital where it had been brought to see for himself. "I was very surprised," he recalled. "How did it happen that a bear has taken out the eye with a surgeon's precision?" After the eye was cleaned, it looked very normal, Dr. Singh marveled. Somehow in a matter of seconds the bear had used his nails like the scalpel of a surgeon, he observed, adding, "If I had to take any eye out of a socket, it would take around 15 to 20 minutes minimum. That animal had taken it out within seconds and without destroying it (Source: The EyeWorld)

Full Story

 Eye as found on a tree branch after bear attack 

After cleaning the eye was found to be in good condition to donatet issue.

Medical Miracle ! Woman's Eye Survive On Tree Branch For 15 Hours